Nature Machine Intelligence, Published online: 17 March 2026; doi:10.1038/s42256-026-01208-w
Large language models (LLMs) include not only social stereotypes but also cognitive biases. As researchers work to identify, characterize and rectify these biases, we encourage the scientific community to recognize that, although often seen as errors, cognitive biases can also reflect functional, context-specific adaptations in reasoning.