Retrieved but Not Read: Understanding Why Search-Augmented LLMs Fail to Use Available Evidence
arXiv:2610.21731v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Web search allows LLMs to access up-to-date information, but it remains unclear why they sometimes…
Hindsight-Privileged RLVR: Single-Rollout Token Credit Without Group Sampling
arXiv:2610.20497v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) trains language models from checked task outcomes, but assigning…
Large-scale iontronic skins with neural-hierarchical processing architecture
Nature Machine Intelligence, Published online: 16 October 2026; doi:10.1038/s42256-026-01325-6 Li et al. introduce a neural-hierarchical skin that combines high-density iontronic…
How Should a Prompt Optimizer Spend a Tight Budget? BudgetAPO with Noise-Adaptive Evaluation
arXiv:2610.05671v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Automatic prompt optimization (APO) has been widely employed to adapt large language models without updating…
Sensitivity or Criterion? Measuring and Moving When Language Models Act
arXiv:2610.15415v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Before an agent acts, it must decide whether action is warranted. A single accuracy cannot…
Configuring RAG Systems: What Breaks, Where Originates, and How to Fix
arXiv:2610.18567v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has emerged as a dominant paradigm for improving Large Language Model (LLM)…
Rethinking Quality in Large Language Model Routing: Security-Conditioned Model-and-Budget Selection
arXiv:2610.18566v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language model (LLM) routers reduce serving cost by choosing which model to call and…
Hide and Seek: HIDE Concepts to SEEK explanations for black box models
arXiv:2610.13935v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Interpreting machine learning model predictions is a central challenge, particularly for black-box vision models. Concept-based…