[Revised entry by David Weinstein on November 5, 2026. Changes to: Main text, Bibliography, notes.html] Herbert Spencer (1820 – 1903) is typically, though quite wrongly, considered a coarse social Darwinist. After all, Spencer, and not Darwin, coined the infamous expression "survival of the fittest", leading G. E. Moore to conclude erroneously in Principia Ethica (1903)…
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